Affected the owners of the premises. According to the new law, they independently determine the requirements, the fulfillment of which will ensure the safety of the object from ignition. For this, a special form has been established - the Declaration of Fire Safety.

This is a document that contains information on the requirements that must be met in order to maintain an acceptable level of fire risk at the facility. The declaration is issued after the examination. For the examination to be successful, the building must maintain fire risk indicators. it is also important to comply with the norms "".

Indicators include:

• flammability;
• fire resistance, flammability;
• smoke formation;
• the rate of spread of fire;
• the release of toxic substances.

Federal Law 23 "On Fire Safety" establishes the basic provisions for maintaining the safety of premises against fire. This law establishes the basic requirements for maintaining the level of ignition risk at various facilities - buildings, residential buildings, industrial facilities.

Federal Law 123 solves the following tasks:

• guarantee of a comprehensive fire protection system, including the safety of such objects as: buildings, vehicles, technical equipment, and other property;
• minimum level of fire safety guarantee;
• the emergence of a new system of rationing. Such a system is flexible, using different mechanisms to assess the risks of fire formation. The system guarantees insurance of property liability to third parties.

Among the innovations of Federal Law 123 stands out:

• the new document provides a wide range of fire safety classification, allowing the client to choose the appropriate method of protection;
• method of insurance of liability for damage to property of third parties in the event of a fire. This innovation allows you to insure someone else's property in the event of a fire in an object controlled by the owner.

The regulation "On fire safety requirements" includes the following conditions:

• full compliance with safety requirements that are established by federal law. The risk of fire should not exceed the norm established by law;
• buildings for which no fire prevention requirements have been established are considered safe if an acceptable level of fire risk is provided.

Recent amendments to FZ-123 "On fire safety"

The latest amendments to Federal Law 123 are mainly clarifying. The classification - "construction" was removed from the majority of articles. Now, according to the law, fire safety concerns only “buildings” and “structures”. A major change affected the owners of the premises. According to the new law, they themselves determine the requirements that determine the safety of the premises from the outbreak of fires. Also, owners can insure neighboring buildings against fire damage.

The latest revision 123 of the Federal Law "On Fire Safety" touched upon the following articles:

• Article 4 was supplemented by information that on the territory of Crimea and Sevastopol, at protected facilities, the current requirements for counteracting fire are extended until September 1, 2018;
• In Art. 32, educational organizations were added to the list of protected objects;
• Changes in article 54 concerned the need to equip facilities with fire alarm systems. Now, they are optional;
• According to the amendments to Article 64, the declaration indicates only the list of articles, the requirements of which correspond to one of the objects of protection;
• Article 67, as amended by law, is deleted;
• Art. 69 establishes anti-fire distances between various buildings;
• Art. 82 assumes the installation of uninterruptible power supplies in buildings to power fire safety systems;
• According to article 83, in buildings of functional fire hazard classes F1.1, F1.2, F4.1, F4.2, it is necessary to duplicate signals about the object's fire, to the security console at the place of deployment;
• According to the additions to Article 84, social service buildings, with the constant arrival of people, should be provided with a warning system in the event of a fire;
• The requirements for fire resistance for buildings were excluded from Article 87;
• From Article 90, paragraphs 4 and 5 of the first part were excluded, as well as parts from 3 to 17. From part 2, the provision of exits to the roof for buildings was excluded, from paragraph 2 of part 1 - fire escapes.

Download

Federal Law 123 "On Fire Safety" in the latest edition can be downloaded

In what cases is the technical regulation on fire safety requirements used, and to which objects does it apply? In this article, we will talk about Federal Law 123 on fire safety as amended for 2017-2018.

from the article you will learn:

Fire safety problems remain relevant both for the country as a whole and for each specific economic entity. Every year, tens of thousands of fires are registered in all regions, the damage from which is estimated in billions of rubles. Fires lead not only to property damage, but also to the death of people. Several thousand people die in fires in Russia every year.

With such a situation, the state is forced to annually tighten the requirements for ensuring fire safety. They relate to both buildings and structures and manufactured products and materials. The main normative act describing in detail the requirements in this direction is FZ 123 o;.

Technical regulations on fire safety FZ 123

Federal Law 123 on fire safety was issued precisely as a technical regulation that determines:

• the main points of technical regulation in terms of fire protection;
• the main principles based on which fire safety is ensured.

Compliance with the provisions prescribed in this document will help protect the life and health of citizens, as well as save private, commercial and state property.

The requirements of the law apply to various protected objects. In addition to buildings, they include products of a very different nature. The provisions of Federal Law 123 FZ on fire safety are taken into account both in the preparation of a construction project and in the process of operating facilities.

The legislative act contains information of a very different nature. Here the classes of building objects are indicated, the permitted distance between them, the permissible primary means of extinguishing fires, and so on. The provisions of the document must be taken into account when:

• development of projects, conducting construction works, major repairs and reconstruction of buildings;
• changing the functional purpose of objects and their technical re-equipment;
• in the process of operation and maintenance of objects and products, as well as when carrying out utilization measures in relation to them;
• creation, adoption, use and implementation of other regulations that contain fire safety requirements;
• preparation of documents for a variety of objects and products.

The technical regulation on fire safety 123 FZ began to work in 2009, and since then has been subjected to repeated adjustments. Its appearance led to serious consequences for the owners of protected objects. These consequences were of both administrative and technical nature.

In accordance with the regulations, fire safety in our country began to be provided according to a new principle - its declaration. This made it possible to relieve the regulatory authorities. According to Federal Law 123 on fire safety, the main responsibility for ensuring it was transferred to the owners. It is they who now themselves determine the regulatory requirements that must be met for a particular facility.

The preparation of a fire safety declaration can be carried out by the owner of the facility or with the participation of a specialized organization. The declaration must be registered. During the registration process, tests are carried out, the results of which may result in a refusal to declare (if deficiencies are identified).

Certification scheme is also saved for certain objects. It can be voluntary or mandatory, it all depends on the type of object or product.

Federal Law 123 on fire safety as amended for 2019

Several important adjustments have been made to the technical regulations this year. One of the changes was the emergence of Article 6.1, which provides for the identification of objects. From this moment on, all buildings and products are divided into classes. The classification takes into account the functional and design features that affect the fire hazard, as well as the degree of resistance to fires. For industrial facilities, the division into classes is based on the level of their fire hazard and the risk of explosions.

The list of indicators required to assess the fire hazard of substances and materials, depending on their state of aggregation

Classification of combustible building materials by the value of the toxicity index of combustion products

Fire hazard classes of building materials

Degree of protection of fireproof electrical equipment from external solid objects

Degree of protection of fireproof electrical equipment against water penetration

In Federal Law 123 on fire safety, the list of possible barriers to fire has been expanded. These include curtains, curtains and screens. Mobile aerosol generator fire extinguishers are included in the permitted primary fire extinguishing equipment.

• Who is responsible for fire safety in an apartment building

Certain changes also affected the procedure for declaring fire safety. According to the current law, the owners of objects up to 1,500 m2 in some situations may voluntarily prepare such a declaration. It includes information on available protective equipment. This information must be updated within 1 year if the following changes occur at the site:

• major repairs and reconstruction are carried out;
• rearmament is taking place;
• the owner is changing.

Federal Law 123 on fire safety also revised sanctions for violation of established norms by entrepreneurs. For businesses and officials, the fines remain the same. For individual entrepreneurs, special sanctions were provided - they were assigned fines in the amount of 20,000-30,000 rubles.

A.V. Zaitsev
Advisor to the President of the Security Industry Association

Following the letter of the Law on Technical Regulation, the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia completed in 2008 the preparation of Technical Regulations designed to combine fire safety requirements, which were dispersed in such regulatory documents as GOST, SNiP, Fire Safety Rules and NPB

The "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" will enter into force on May 1, 2009. In its preparation, the fire safety requirements traditionally applied in the territory of the Russian Federation and familiar to specialists were taken as a basis. At the same time, the law established a number of new concepts. First of all, it is worth mentioning the assessment of the permissible level of fire risk, as well as the declaration of fire safety.

Goals and objectives of the Federal Law No. 123

The goals of creating the Technical Regulations:

• determination at the legislative level of the main provisions of technical regulation in the field of fire safety and general fire safety requirements for objects of protection;
• formation of a fundamentally new mechanism for the implementation of requirements in the field of fire safety and control over their implementation.

The main tasks of the Technical Regulations:

• complex provision of fire safety of territories, buildings, structures, vehicles, technological installations, equipment, units, products and other property;
• establishment of the minimum necessary fire safety requirements for various types of products;
• introduction of a flexible regulation system in the field of fire safety (fire risk assessment, voluntary fire insurance).

The four components of the law

The technical regulations cover all areas of activities to ensure the fire safety of facilities and products.

The following components of the law can be distinguished:

• legal;
• organizational and legal;
• organizational and technical;
• technical.

Legal component
It consists in defining as by-laws necessary for the practical implementation of the requirements of the Technical Regulations, national standards (GOST R) and sets of rules (SP).

National standards (GOST R) can be divided into two parts: one of them regulates the fire safety requirements of specific objects, and the other - the requirements for fire fighting equipment. At the time of this writing, 97 draft standards were under negotiation.

In this regard, the fire safety standards (NPB) concerning the requirements for fire alarm and warning equipment are being transformed with innovations into the format of the national standard GOST R 53325-2009 "Fire equipment. Fire fighting equipment. General technical requirements. Test methods."

To determine the operating time of technical means of fire protection in fire conditions, GOST R "Electrical equipment for fire protection systems. Fire safety requirements. Method for determining operability in a fire" is introduced for the first time.

For some of the facilities that previously had their own Fire Safety Rules, national standards are introduced, in particular GOST R "Educational Objects. Fire Safety Requirements", GOST R "Social Protection Facilities. Fire Safety Requirements", GOST R "Agricultural Enterprises. Fire Safety Requirements" etc.

If national standards contain requirements for ensuring fire safety of specific objects and technical means, then the Codes of Rules (SP) prescribe ways to achieve the tasks set by GOSTs. At the time of this writing, 13 Codes of Practice are under negotiation.

In particular, the work on the set of rules "Fire protection systems. Norms and rules of design" has been practically completed. The first three parts of this document are most relevant to readers of this journal:

• "Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations";
• "Warning and evacuation management systems";
• "Heating, ventilation, air conditioning and smoke protection systems".

Organizational and legal component and declaration
The organizational and legal component consists in the introduction of a mechanism for declaring the fact of ensuring fire safety by the owners of facilities.

The declaration is mandatory and is made in a notification manner. In the fire safety declaration, the owner must either indicate the calculated values \u200b\u200bof fire risks, or list the fire safety regulations, the requirements of which he undertakes to comply with. In particular, one of the main indicators used to manage fire safety by assessing fire risk is the calculation of individual risk - a quantitative measure characterized by the frequency of damage to a certain person by hazardous factors of fire.

"Article b. Conditions for compliance of the protected object with fire safety requirements.

Clause 5. A legal entity - the owner of the protected object (buildings, structures, structures and production facilities) as part of the implementation of fire safety measures must submit in a notification procedure prior to the commissioning of the protected object a declaration of fire safety in accordance with Article 64 of this Federal Law "

For the projected object, the declaration must be drawn up by the developer or the person preparing the project documentation

Clause 3. The declaration of fire safety for the projected object of protection is drawn up by the developer or the person preparing the project documentation. "

The owner of the object bears administrative and criminal responsibility for the completeness and accuracy of the information contained in the declaration.

"Article 64. Requirements for the declaration of fire safety.

Clause 4. The owner of the object of protection or a person who owns the object of protection on the basis of the right of inherited life ownership, economic management, operational management or on another basis provided for by the Federal law or agreement, or the management body of an apartment building that has developed a declaration of fire safety, are responsible for the completeness and the accuracy of the information contained in it in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. "

Fire safety declarations for facilities that will be operated at the time of entry into force of the regulation must be submitted no later than May 1, 2010.

"Article 64. Requirements for the declaration of fire safety.

Clause 7. For objects of protection, operated on the date of entry into force of this Federal Law, the declaration of fire safety is provided no later than one year after the day of its entry into force. "

"Article 4. Technical regulation in the field of fire safety Clause 4. The provisions of this Federal Law do not apply to existing buildings, structures and structures designed and constructed in accordance with the previously effective fire safety requirements, except in cases where the further operation of these buildings, structures and structures leads to a threat to the life or health of people due to a possible fire.In such cases, the owner of the facility or the person authorized to own, use or dispose of buildings, structures and structures should take measures to bring the fire safety system of the protected object in accordance with the requirements of this Federal Law ".

Organizational and technical component
For the first time, the Technical Regulations bring together the requirements and reflect all the necessary connections between all components of the fire protection system, namely:

• space-planning solutions;
• used building structures and materials;
• by means of limiting the spread of the fire outside the hearth;
• evacuation routes;
• primary fire extinguishing means;
• personal protective equipment for people from exposure to hazardous fire factors;
• automatic fire alarm systems;
• automatic fire extinguishing installations;
• fire warning systems;
• ventilation and air conditioning systems, emergency ventilation, fire water supply;
• elevator control systems, etc.

Survivability of fire protection systems

One of the significant differences from the previously existing regulatory framework is that in the Technical Regulations, the operating time of all technical means of fire protection systems is calculated based on the time at least necessary for the complete evacuation of all people to a safe place. This requirement implies the need to maximize the reliability and survivability of these means in the conditions of the spread of dangerous fire factors, which is one of the main elements of the organizational and technical component of the Technical Regulations.

"Article 51. The purpose of creating fire protection systems.

1. The purpose of creating fire protection systems is to protect people and property from the effects of dangerous fire factors and (or) limit its consequences.
2. Protection of people and property from the impact of hazardous fire factors and (or) limitation of its consequences is ensured by reducing the dynamics of the growth of hazardous fire factors, evacuating people and property to a safe zone and (or) extinguishing the fire
3. Fire protection systems must be reliable and resistant to hazardous fire factors for the time required to achieve fire safety goals. "

As a result, in the Technical Regulations, a separate article introduced requirements for cables and wires of all fire protection systems, which must remain operational in a fire during the time required for the complete evacuation of people to a safe area.

"Article 82. Fire safety requirements for electrical installations of buildings, structures and structures.

2. Cables and wires of fire protection systems, means of ensuring the activities of fire protection units, fire detection systems, warning and evacuation control in case of fire, emergency lighting on evacuation routes, emergency ventilation and smoke protection, automatic fire extinguishing, internal fire water supply, elevators for transportation fire departments in buildings, structures and structures must remain operational in a fire during the time required for the complete evacuation of people to a safe zone. "

"Article 103. Requirements for automatic fire alarm installations.

2. The communication lines between the technical means of automatic fire alarm installations must be made taking into account their operation in case of a fire during the time required for detecting a fire, issuing evacuation signals, during the time required to evacuate people, as well as the time required for management of other technical means ".

In the subordinate regulatory documents, the radio channel, along with wired means, has become one of the options for organizing communication lines in fire alarm, warning and automation systems.

GOST-R 53325-2009 "Fire fighting equipment Technical means of fire automatic equipment. General technical requirements. Test methods".

"Clause 3.38: Communication lines: Wires, cables, optical fiber, radio channel or other means of signal transmission that allow the interaction and exchange of information between the components of the fire alarm system.

Clause 7.1.13: PPKP and PPU, as well as other technical means of fire protection, interconnection with which is carried out via radio communication lines, must be addressable and provide two-way data exchange with each other. The reliability of information transmission over radio-channel communication lines should be ensured by technical solutions determined by the system manufacturers. As these technical solutions, the possibility of switching to backup frequency channels, the use of special exchange protocols and other methods of increasing the reliability and reliability of the communication system can be provided. In the absence of communication with any component of the radio channel system for a certain time, but not more than 300 s, the control panel and / or control panel must indicate information about the malfunction. "

Set of rules. Fire protection systems. Norms and rules of design.

"Part 1. Automatic fire alarm and automatic fire extinguishing.

Clause 13.15.1: Both wired and non-wired communication channels can be used as fire alarm loops and communication lines.

Part 2. Notification and evacuation of people in case of fire.

Clause 2.7: Connecting lines: Wires, cables, as well as radio channel lines that provide the connection between the components of fire automation systems, including warning and evacuation control systems.

Clause 3.4: Radio-channel connecting lines shall be provided with a system of automatic monitoring of their serviceability. "

Thus, one of the possible options for implementing the requirements of the Technical Regulations is the use of professional wireless analogue addressable fire alarm systems with a two-way exchange protocol.

Technical component

It consists in determining the requirements for technical means of fire automation, including individual installations or entire systems. These requirements make it possible to implement the main tasks of fire protection systems and achieve the required level of reliability and resistance to the effects of hazardous fire factors (survivability).

In accordance with the Technical Regulations, automatic fire alarm systems cannot control fire extinguishing, warning and fire automatics and are only designed to detect the very fact of fire, no more than All other functions are assigned to control devices for notification, fire extinguishing, elevators, smoke removal, ventilation, etc. ...

According to paragraph 5 of Article 83 of the Technical Regulations, automatic fire alarm installations must ensure that the duty personnel are informed about the detection of a malfunction of communication lines and technical means of alerting people about a fire and managing the evacuation of people, controlling fire protection systems, control devices for fire extinguishing installations. All information should be reduced to control and monitoring devices, the use of additional remote lamps and buttons located on the wall is excluded.

Article 84 contains almost the entire first part of NPB 104-03, together with the previously excluded item for managing the unblocking of emergency exits. Now these requirements are spelled out in federal law, which once again emphasizes that fire detection is only a small part of the task of fire protection systems, and the main task is the timely organized evacuation of all people from the building.

Article 85 of the Technical Regulations sets out the requirements for smoke removal and emergency ventilation systems, which were previously contained in the SNiP "Ventilation and Air Conditioning". The provisions of this article are also directly related to the organization of the timely and organized evacuation of people in the event of a fire, and their failure to comply entails criminal liability of the owners of the facilities.

To be continued...

This material is the first in a series of publications on the Technical Regulations. It reveals only a part of a wide range of issues that are touched upon by the new Federal Law No. 123. Today, work is actively continuing on the formation of a by-law regulatory framework. On the official websites of VNIIPO and the Ministry of Emergencies, current versions of draft national standards and codes of practice are posted for open discussion.

"Technical regulations on fire safety requirements" are:

• a fundamentally new approach to the liability of legal entities and individuals;
• an innovative approach to the survivability of fire safety systems.

Already now, design and installation organizations need to prepare for work in new conditions - to understand the requirements of new regulatory documents, to select standard technically and economically sound solutions.

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of the Technical Regulations as a basis for the introduction of a new regulatory framework, and the implementation of its requirements will raise the provision of fire safety in our country to a new qualitative level.

For the purposes of this Federal Law, the basic concepts established by Article 2 of the Federal Law "On Technical Regulation", Article 1 of the Federal Law of December 21, 1994 N 69-FZ "On Fire Safety" (hereinafter referred to as the Federal Law "On Fire Safety") are used, as well as the following basic concepts:
(as amended by Federal Law of 10.07.2012 N 117-FZ)
1) emergency exit - a door, hatch or other exit that leads to the escape route, directly outside or to a safe area, is used as an additional exit for rescuing people, but is not taken into account when assessing the conformity of the required number and size of escape routes and emergency exits and which meet the requirements for safe evacuation of people in case of fire;
2) safe zone - an area in which people are protected from the effects of hazardous fire factors or in which hazardous fire factors are absent or do not exceed the maximum permissible values;
(as amended by Federal Law of 10.07.2012 N 117-FZ)
3) explosion - a rapid chemical transformation of the environment, accompanied by the release of energy and the formation of compressed gases;
4) explosive mixture - a mixture of air or an oxidizer with flammable gases, vapors of flammable liquids, flammable dusts or fibers, which, at a certain concentration and the occurrence of a source of initiation of an explosion, can explode;
5) explosion and fire hazard of the protected object - the state of the protected object, characterized by the possibility of an explosion and the development of a fire or a fire and a subsequent explosion;
(as amended by Federal Law of 10.07.2012 N 117-FZ)
6) combustible medium - an environment that can ignite when exposed to an ignition source;
7) declaration of fire safety - a conformity assessment form containing information on fire safety measures aimed at ensuring the normative value of fire risk at the object of protection;
8) permissible fire risk - fire risk, the level of which is permissible and justified based on socio-economic conditions;
9) individual fire risk - a fire risk that can lead to the death of a person as a result of exposure to dangerous fire factors;
10) ignition source - a means of energetic action that initiates the onset of combustion;
11) class of constructive fire hazard of buildings, structures and fire compartments - the classification characteristic of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments, determined by the degree of participation of building structures in the development of fire and the formation of hazardous fire factors;
(as amended by Federal Law of 10.07.2012 N 117-FZ)
12) the class of functional fire hazard of buildings, structures and fire compartments - the classification characteristic of buildings, structures and fire compartments, determined by the purpose and features of the operation of these buildings, structures and fire compartments, including the peculiarities of the implementation of technological processes in these buildings, structures and fire compartments production;
(as amended by Federal Law of 10.07.2012 N 117-FZ)
13) outdoor installation - a set of devices and technological equipment located outside buildings and structures;
(as amended by Federal Law of 10.07.2012 N 117-FZ)
14) the required time of evacuation - the time from the moment of fire, during which people must evacuate to a safe area without causing harm to life and health of people as a result of exposure to dangerous fire factors;
15) object of protection - products, including property of citizens or legal entities, state or municipal property (including objects located in the territories of settlements, as well as buildings, structures, vehicles, technological installations, equipment, units, products and other property) , to which fire safety requirements are established or must be established to prevent fire and protect people in case of fire;
(as amended by Federal Law of 10.07.2012 N 117-FZ)
16) oxidizers - substances and materials that have the ability to react with combustible substances, causing them to burn, and also to increase its intensity;
17) hazardous fire factors - fire factors, the impact of which can lead to injury, poisoning or death of a person and (or) material damage;
18) fire center - the place where the fire originated;
19) primary fire extinguishing means - fire extinguishing means used to fight a fire in the initial stage of its development;
(as amended by Federal Law of 10.07.2012 N 117-FZ)
20) fire safety of the protected object - the state of the protected object, characterized by the possibility of preventing the occurrence and development of a fire, as well as the impact on people and property of dangerous fire factors;
21) fire hazard of substances and materials - the state of substances and materials characterized by the possibility of combustion or explosion of substances and materials;
22) fire hazard of the object of protection - the state of the object of protection, characterized by the possibility of the occurrence and development of a fire, as well as the impact on people and property of hazardous fire factors;
23) fire alarm - a set of technical means intended for fire detection, processing, transmission in a given form of fire notifications, special information and (or) issuing commands to turn on automatic fire extinguishing installations and turn on executive installations of smoke protection systems, technological and engineering equipment, as well as other fire protection devices;
24) fire station - a fire brigade facility in which there are premises for storing fire fighting equipment and its maintenance, office premises for accommodating personnel, a room for receiving fire notifications, technical and auxiliary premises necessary to perform the tasks assigned to the fire brigade ;
25) fire detector - a technical device designed to generate a fire signal;
26) fire alarm - a technical device designed to alert people about a fire;
27) fire compartment - a part of a building and structure, separated by fire walls and fire ceilings or coverings, with limits of fire resistance of the structure, ensuring the non-spread of fire beyond the boundaries of the fire compartment during the entire duration of the fire;
(as amended by Federal Law of 10.07.2012 N 117-FZ)
28) fire risk - a measure of the possibility of realizing the fire hazard of the object of protection and its consequences for people and material values;
29) fire and explosion hazard of substances and materials - the ability of substances and materials to form a flammable (fire hazardous or explosive) environment, characterized by their physical and chemical properties and (or) behavior under fire conditions;
30) fire hazard (explosive) zone - a part of an enclosed or open space, within which flammable substances are constantly or periodically circulating and in which they can be in the normal mode of the technological process or its violation (accident);
31) the limit of fire resistance of a structure (filling the openings of fire barriers) - the time interval from the start of fire exposure under standard test conditions to the onset of one of the limit states normalized for a given structure (filling the openings of fire barriers);
32) fire alarm control panel - a technical device designed to receive signals from fire detectors, monitor the integrity of the fire alarm loop, light indication and sound signaling of events, generate a start pulse to start the fire control device;
33) fire control device - a technical means intended for transmitting control signals to automatic fire extinguishing installations, and (or) switching on executive installations of smoke protection systems, and (or) alerting people about a fire, as well as for transmitting control signals to other fire protection devices;
34) production facilities - industrial and agricultural facilities, including warehouses, engineering and transport infrastructure facilities (rail, road, river, sea, air and pipeline transport), communication facilities;
35) fire barrier - a building structure with a standardized fire resistance limit and a structural fire hazard class of a structure, a volumetric element of a building or other engineering solution designed to prevent the spread of fire from one part of a building, structure to another or between buildings, structures, green spaces;
(as amended by Federal Law of 10.07.2012 N 117-FZ)
36) fire gap (fire distance) - the normalized distance between buildings, structures, established to prevent the spread of fire;
(as amended by Federal Law of 10.07.2012 N 117-FZ)
37) a system for transmitting fire notifications - a set of jointly operating technical means intended for transmitting through communication channels and receiving at the centralized observation point of fire notifications at a guarded facility, service and control and diagnostic notifications, as well as (if there is a return channel) for transmitting and receiving telecontrol commands;
38) fire alarm system - a set of fire alarm systems mounted at one facility and controlled from a common fire post;
39) fire prevention system - a set of organizational measures and technical means that exclude the possibility of a fire at the protected object;
40) smoke protection system - a set of organizational measures, space-planning solutions, engineering systems and technical means aimed at preventing or limiting the danger of smoke from buildings and structures in case of fire, as well as the impact of hazardous factors of fire on people and material assets;
(as amended by Federal Law of 10.07.2012 N 117-FZ)
41) fire protection system - a set of organizational measures and technical means aimed at protecting people and property from the effects of dangerous fire factors and (or) limiting the consequences of the impact of dangerous fire factors on the protected object (products);
Clause 42) - Abolished.
(as amended by Federal Law of 10.07.2012 N 117-FZ)
43) social fire risk - the degree of danger leading to the death of a group of people as a result of exposure to dangerous fire factors;
44) the degree of fire resistance of buildings, structures and fire compartments - the classification characteristic of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments, determined by the limits of fire resistance of structures used for the construction of these buildings, structures, structures and compartments;
(as amended by Federal Law of 10.07.2012 N 117-FZ)
45) technical means of warning and evacuation control - a set of technical means (control devices for sirens, fire alarms) designed to alert people about a fire;
46) technological environment - substances and materials circulating in technological equipment (technological system);
47) stability of the object of protection in case of fire - the property of the object of protection to maintain its structural integrity and (or) functional purpose when exposed to hazardous factors of fire and secondary manifestations of hazardous factors of fire;
48) emergency exit - an exit leading to the escape route, directly outside or into a safe area;
49) evacuation route (evacuation route) - a path of movement and (or) movement of people leading directly outside or into a safe area that meets the requirements for safe evacuation of people in case of fire;
50) evacuation - the process of organized independent movement of people directly outside or into a safe area from rooms in which there is a possibility of exposure of people to dangerous fire factors.

Section I. General principles of fire safety
Chapter 1. General Provisions
Chapter 2. Classification of fires and hazardous factors of fire
Chapter 3. Indicators and classification of fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard of substances and materials
Chapter 4. Indicators of fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard and classification of technological environments for fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard
Chapter 5. Classification of fire hazardous and explosive zones
Chapter 6. Classification of electrical equipment for fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard
Chapter 7. Classification of outdoor installations by fire hazard
Chapter 8. Classification of buildings, structures, structures and premises by fire and explosion hazard
Chapter 9. Fire-technical classification of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments
Chapter 10. Fire-technical classification of building structures and fire barriers
Chapter 11. Fire-technical classification of stairs and staircases
Chapter 12. Classification of fire fighting equipment
Chapter 13. Fire prevention system
Chapter 14. Fire protection systems
Section II. Fire safety requirements for the design, construction and operation of settlements and urban districts
Chapter 15. Fire safety requirements for urban planning activities
Chapter 16. Requirements for fire distances between buildings, structures and structures
Chapter 17. General requirements of fire safety for settlements and urban districts for the placement of fire departments
Section III. Fire safety requirements for the design, construction and operation of buildings, structures and structures
Chapter 18. General requirements for fire safety in the design, construction and operation of buildings, structures and structures
Chapter 19. Requirements for the composition and functional characteristics of systems for ensuring fire safety of buildings, structures and structures
Section IV. Fire safety requirements for production facilities
Chapter 20. General fire safety requirements for production facilities
Chapter 21. The procedure for analyzing the fire hazard of a production facility and calculating the fire risk
Chapter 22. Requirements for the location of fire stations, roads, entrances (exits) and driveways, water supply sources on the territory of a production facility
Section V. Fire safety requirements for fire fighting equipment
Chapter 23. General requirements
Chapter 24. Requirements for primary fire extinguishing equipment
Chapter 25. Requirements for mobile fire extinguishing equipment
Chapter 26. Requirements for automatic fire extinguishing installations
Chapter 27. Requirements for personal protective equipment for firefighters and citizens in case of fire
Chapter 28. Requirements for firefighting tools and additional equipment for firefighters
Chapter 29. Requirements for fire fighting equipment
Section VI. Fire safety requirements for general purpose products
Chapter 30. Fire safety requirements for substances and materials
Chapter 31. Fire safety requirements for building structures and engineering equipment of buildings, structures and structures
Chapter 32. Fire safety requirements for electrical products
Section VII. Conformity assessment of protected objects (products) to fire safety requirements
Chapter 33. Assessment of compliance of protected objects (products) with fire safety requirements
Section VIII. Final provisions
Chapter 34. Final Provisions
application