In our lives, we often encounter situations where it is necessary to resolve certain issues regarding a minor child in state institutions. This can be the registration of a pension for a child, the registration of family maternity capital, in connection with the birth of a child (second and subsequent), the registration of documents for medical care, the registration of a foreign passport for a child, and you never know what other questions may arise.

And a positive solution to the issue often depends on the fact of having citizenship. Russian Federation in a child under 14 years of age. Determining this citizenship is not always easy. With an adult, everything is clear, there is a passport in hand and you can immediately see if he is a Russian citizen, a foreign citizen or a stateless person.

The child's birth certificate does not contain information about his citizenship. Therefore, it is not always easy to make a conclusion about citizenship, therefore, until a certain time, parents were required to either insert an insert into the child's birth certificate, or a stamp stating that the child is a citizen of the Russian Federation. And often such a requirement caused bewilderment among parents, but who should a child be if his parents are citizens of the Russian Federation and he was born in Russia?

On April 13, 2011, the President of the Russian Federation signed Decree No. 444 “On additional measures to ensure the rights and protect the interests of minor citizens of the Russian Federation”, which defines a list of documents that confirm the citizenship of a child under 14 years old. And in the presence of which, state institutions are not entitled to require the provision of additional documents confirming the citizenship of the child.

The presence of citizenship of the Russian Federation in a child under the age of 14 years is confirmed:

• foreign, official, diplomatic passport of a child, a citizen of the Russian Federation, proving the identity of a citizen of the Russian Federation outside Russia
• a parent's passport (including a foreign one) who is a citizen of the Russian Federation, if information about the child is included in it
• Birth certificate of the child, if it contains information:

1. about the citizenship of the Russian Federation of both parents or a single parent (regardless of the place of birth of the child)
2. on the citizenship of the Russian Federation of one of the parents, if the other parent is stateless or declared missing (regardless of the place of birth of the child)
3. on the citizenship of the Russian Federation of one of the parents, in the presence of foreign citizenship of the second parent, if the birth certificate of the child was issued in Russia.

• a mark on the birth certificate issued by the competent authority of the Russian Federation, a mark on the translation into Russian of a document of the competent authority of a foreign state in the certificate of the child's birth registration certificate. Marks are affixed by the Federal Authority executive power authorized to exercise the functions of control and supervision in the field of migration, a consular institution or a consular department of a diplomatic mission of the Russian Federation.
• an insert to a document issued by the competent authority of a foreign state to certify the act of registering the birth of a child or to a birth certificate confirming the citizenship of the Russian Federation, issued in the prescribed manner before February 6, 2007.

Citizenship gives a person the right to live in a particular country, receive education, and enjoy social benefits. Russian citizenship is assigned to an infant when he appears in a Russian maternity hospital automatically. First, this status is confirmed by a birth certificate, and after 14 years - a Russian passport. Until 2007, confirmation of a child's citizenship consisted of issuing a special insert certificate. Now the insert is abolished, so you can present a birth certificate or passport. It is these documents that are regarded as the main proof of citizenship.

Why do children need to confirm citizenship?

Important! It should be borne in mind that:

• Each case is unique and individual.
• Careful study of the issue does not always guarantee a positive outcome of the case. It depends on many factors.

To get the most detailed advice on your issue, you just need to choose any of the proposed options:

According to Russian law, any baby born in a Russian maternity hospital automatically receives the status of a Russian, of course, with the consent of the parents.

The child's lack of evidence of belonging to the subjects of the Russian Federation significantly limits his rights and freedoms. Indeed, in any collision with officials from state structures (and there will be many of them from the very beginning of the baby’s life), it will be necessary to confirm that the baby belongs to the subjects of the Russian Federation.

This will be required in the following cases:

1. The baby was born in the homeland of one of the parents, and the other parent is Russian. But by birthright, a foreign country does not give citizenship.
2. The mother and father of the infant are not residents of the Russian Federation, but were on its territory at the time of his birth. And the state of which they are subjects does not give the child civil status.
3. To solve everyday everyday problems (visiting a hospital, receiving benefits and benefits for a child, getting into a kindergarten, and then to school).

Upon reaching the age of 14, in order to obtain a passport, the child will also need to provide proof of their civil status. Without this document, entry into and exit from the country is not possible.

Legal framework

The main law that regulates the civil legal status of Russians is the Federal Law of March 31, 2002 No. 62 "On Citizenship of the Russian Federation". This document is supplemented by Decree of the President of Russia No. 1325, signed on November 14, 2002. The decree introduced the main provisions on citizenship issues. Another legal act regulating the issue of citizenship is the Federal Law of November 15, 1997 No. 143 "On acts of civil status".

The algorithm for passing the procedure

To confirm the fact that the baby is a citizen of the Russian Federation, his parents, depending on the circumstances, must contact the registry office, the Main Department of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, the MFC, and if they are abroad, the embassy.

For an infant born in Russia, the birth certificate obtained from the registry office becomes the guarantor of citizenship.

Advice! In the registry office, official papers can be submitted directly to the employee during a personal visit. You can also use the State Services portal or act through the Internet resource of the Main Department of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. It is possible to send documents by registered mail.

The entire informative base on documents for confirming the citizenship of a child is contained in paragraph 45 of the Regulations on the consideration of issues of citizenship of the Russian Federation, which is an addition to the Federal Law of March 31, 2002 No. 62.

To prove the fact that the baby has the citizenship of the Russian Federation, his parents need to collect the following package of documentation:

1. Certificate of his birth.
2. A biometric passport (CP), which can be issued to a baby from the very first days of life.
3. An internal passport or RFP of the old sample of the parents, which contains the necessary information about the baby.
4. If the father or mother is a foreigner, a written notification of their status is required.

After the parents apply to the registry office, its employees issue a certificate confirming the citizenship of the newborn. After a certain time, a birth certificate will be issued.

Many parents are concerned about the question of where to get confirmation of the child's citizenship if he was born not in the Russian Federation, but abroad. In this case, parents need to obtain an appropriate certificate from the Russian embassy confirming that the baby belongs to Russian citizens. The document is issued after the legal representatives of the minor present their Russian passports.

If the baby was not born in the Russian Federation and it is necessary to confirm his Russian citizenship, in this case, you will need to present a notice from the authorities foreign country on the prohibition of obtaining citizenship at the place of birth, as well as a certificate of the inability to grant the status of a foreign patride.

Process details

Legislation changes so quickly that not everyone has time to follow legal acts. Therefore, it is worth noting the fact that for those born before July 1, 2002, an appropriate stamp was affixed to the birth certificate. The procedure was carried out by an employee of the migration department. Children who were born after this date are not given such a mark. The proof of their citizenship is a stamp in the passport of the father, mother or adoptive parents.

Information for residents of Crimea

Confirmation Russian citizenship the child is especially worried about the inhabitants of the peninsula. Some children born before the entry of Crimea into Russia have a Ukrainian birth document. Accordingly, he cannot confirm the status of a Russian. Parents are obliged to change the Ukrainian certificate to the Russian one.

Timing

Basically, the service of confirming the citizenship of children does not take much time. If the baby was born in Russia, the parents are all right with passports, then the birth certificate is made in a few days, and sometimes on the same day. If there are any inconsistencies, lack of necessary documentation, the process is delayed for a month or more. An increase in the time for confirming citizenship may also depend on the employees of the registry office, the Main Department of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (on the degree of their workload).

Features for guardians

In the case of guardianship, legal representatives will also need to confirm the citizenship of their ward. This is done in the same way as in the case of natural parents, that is, a birth certificate of a minor is presented. But in this document, in the role of a legal representative, there should be information about the adoptive parent (guardian). This role is confirmed by a court decision.

When adopting a child or registering guardianship, you should know that he will become a citizen of the Russian Federation if the guardians have a similar status. You can confirm his citizenship even if one guardian is a stateless person, and the other is the holder of a Russian passport.

When is citizenship not required?

A birth certificate and a passport are the main documents confirming the citizenship of a young Russian. No other documentation is required for this. But sometimes unscrupulous employees migration services require other proof of civil status.

Important! You should be aware that the requirement to present additional documents is illegal. IN Russian legislation it is clearly stated that no one can require other documentation to prove citizenship.

Adults who are faced with a similar situation in relation to their minor children must write a complaint to the court or the prosecutor's office about the unreasonable actions of the inspector.

Summarizing

Confirmation of the civil status of a child is a very important and mandatory procedure. It is necessary not just as an identification of a young Russian. Citizenship allows a person to fully enjoy all the rights guaranteed to him by the Constitution. Without it, it will be impossible to get maternal capital, monthly allowance childcare, free medical care, arrange a baby in a nursery, kindergarten, school. That is, citizenship is the guarantor of a person's life in a society with a full range of all necessary social benefits. Only by acquiring citizenship do people become full members of society.

Lawyer of the Board of Legal Protection. He specializes in administrative and civil cases, indemnification by insurance companies, consumer protection, as well as cases related to the illegal demolition of shells and garages.

Quite often, parents are required to certify the nationality of a minor family member. In what cases do you need a document confirming the citizenship of the Russian Federation for a child under 14 years old, what certificates and papers act as such and where to apply - we will study in detail.

When do you need to confirm

When a newborn is born in the Russian Federation and in a family of Russians, he automatically receives state affiliation. The same status is granted to a newborn if one of the parents is a foreigner, and the second, respectively, Russian citizen. At certain points, how to confirm the citizenship of a child under 14? It's necessary:

• to receive maternity capital;
• when the baby enters a preschool or educational institution for general education;
• upon receipt of a passport for a minor family member;
• for registration of a general civil passport document for a teenager at the age of 14;
• when applying for a mortgage loan by a family with minors.

In addition to the situations listed above, a paper certifying state affiliation to the Russian Federation will come in handy when applying for financial assistance, benefits, child benefits, when applying to various government bodies and authorities.

Documents to confirm citizenship

The procedure for confirming the RF indigenate of an adult or a child is simple, but it will take some time. Since you have to visit several institutions, and maybe go to your previous place of residence (if it changed not so long ago). An exhaustive list of documents certifying the citizenship of the Russian Federation is presented in the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 3, 2006 N 1226.

For adults

First, let's find out how to confirm the citizenship of the Russian Federation to an adult. This can be done using one of the following documents:

• Russian national passport;
• military ID, which has an insert about nationality;
• foreign passport document of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
• certificate from the Main Department of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs;
• official or diplomatic passport.

The presence of one of the listed documents is sufficient to confirm the identity of its owner.

For minors

In some of the certificates mentioned above, at the request of its holder, information about children is recorded. The main document certifying the citizenship of the Russian Federation for a minor applicant is a birth certificate, which now has a special stamp. Until 2007, such paper was an insert of the established form, which is still valid today. In this case, it is not required to put a stamp on the birth document from the registry office.

Children born in Crimea before the 2014 referendum received Ukrainian-style birth certificates. Their state affiliation to the Russian Federation can be confirmed by their parents. To do this, you need to contact the local division of the Main Department of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs at the address with an application and papers confirming the citizenship of the Russian Federation of the mother and father of the baby. If he was born in the Russian Crimea after August 1, 2014, when birth certificates began to be issued according to a new model, a certificate is not required.

When confirmation is not required

The presence of at least one of the previously mentioned documents is absolutely indisputable and unambiguous evidence that a person has an indigenate of the Russian Federation. This is provided for by the norms of the current domestic legislation. Upon receipt of a passport at the age of 14, it is enough to present any of the indicated papers to certify nationality to the country.

This will be an obvious basis for issuing a citizen's document. That is, at the same time, the applicant is not obliged to confirm that he has an indigenate of Russia with any additional certificates. It is enough to present to officials an existing document proving that the child has Russian citizenship.

Everyone should know: domestic legislation clearly states that no institutions have the authority to require other papers to confirm the nationality of a minor to the Russian Federation. In the case when an official requests documents that are not provided for by any acts, this is an excess of authority. The applicant has the right to submit only one paper certifying the status.

Design features

From 2002 to 2007, proof of status was the presence of a citizenship insert to the birth certificate. Despite the cancellation, the document has not been lost legal effect. It is a form (18x12.5 cm) of strict accountability, made on Goznak paper and with a high degree of protection. Each has a series and a unique number.

The insert contains the personal data of the child, details of the birth certificate, date of issue, signature official, sealed. You can see what the insert about the citizenship of the child looks like by downloading the sample posted on our portal. Since the document is still valid today, it does not need to be stamped.

At present, the paper certifying the state belonging to the Russian Federation of a newborn is a certificate from the registry office with the appropriate seal. The procedure is slightly different after 2007.

Where can I get

If the baby was born in his Fatherland, the algorithm of actions is as follows. After discharge from the hospital, parents are issued a certificate. It must be presented to the registry office for registration of the certificate. Where can I get a seal of nationality? With a birth document, you should visit the local division of the Main Department of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and put an imprint of Russian citizenship on the back.

If the child was born abroad

It happens that a woman is on duty abroad or specially goes to give birth in specialized clinics. Then the question arises, what documents are needed to confirm the citizenship of the Russian Federation for a child. In this case, the actions should be as follows. In a medical institution, a certificate is issued certifying the fact of the birth of a person.

In some states, it must be brought to the municipality, where a certificate will be issued, which is then certified by the Russian diplomatic mission. In others, the document is issued at the consulate of the Russian Federation, where they will put a mark on nationality.

Depending on age minor child(under 14 or over 14) the following documents will be required to confirm his Russian citizenship.

Documents confirming the citizenship of the Russian Federation for minors over the age of 14

The citizenship of children who are 14 years old is confirmed by the following documents:

1. Passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation, including a foreign passport (clause 40, clause "a", clause 45 of the Regulations, approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 14, 2002 N 1325).

2. Diplomatic or service passport (clauses “b” of clause 45 of the Regulations; parts 2, 4 of article 12 of the Law of 08.15.1996 N 114-FZ).

Documents confirming the citizenship of the Russian Federation for minors under the age of 14

The citizenship of children of this age category is confirmed by the following documents:

1. Birth certificate containing the following information (clauses “e”, “g”, clause 45, clause 45.3 of the Regulations; clauses “c”, clause 1 of Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 04/13/2011 N 444):

• about the citizenship of the Russian Federation of both parents or the only parent of the child (regardless of the place of birth of the child);
• citizenship of the Russian Federation of one of the parents, provided that the other parent is a stateless person, recognized as missing or his location is unknown (regardless of the place of birth of the child);
• citizenship of the Russian Federation of one of the parents and citizenship of a foreign state of the other parent, provided that the child was born on the territory of the Russian Federation.

If in the birth certificate of an adopted (adopted) child, his adoptive parents (one of the adoptive parents), who are citizens of the Russian Federation, are indicated by a court decision as the parents (parent) of the child, then the birth certificate also certifies that the child has citizenship of the Russian Federation (clause 45.3 of the Regulations ).

In addition, the citizenship of children may be certified by a birth certificate with an insert issued in accordance with the earlier established order and retaining its effect (clause 45.1 of the Regulations).

2. Birth certificate with a mark confirming the citizenship of the Russian Federation, if information is entered into the certificate (clause 45.4 of the Regulations):

• about the citizenship of the Russian Federation of one of the parents of the child, and the other parent is foreign citizen, provided that the child was born outside the Russian Federation and he was not granted citizenship of a foreign state;
• on the citizenship of a foreign state of both parents or the only parent of the child, or such information is not in the certificate due to the fact that the parents or the only parent are stateless persons, provided that the child was born on the territory of the Russian Federation, and the state of which his parents or single parent does not grant citizenship to the child.

A mark confirming the citizenship of the Russian Federation in the birth certificate is put down by the authorized body on the basis of an oral request from the parents (parent) on the day of the request.

Note. The authorized bodies in this case are ( clause 1 of the Regulations):

— territorial body Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia - for persons residing in the territory of the Russian Federation;

- a diplomatic mission or consular office- for persons residing outside the Russian Federation.

You can confirm the impossibility of acquiring citizenship of a foreign state the following documents(clause 45.5 of the Regulations):

• a document of the authorized body of a foreign state, of which one of the child's parents is a citizen, confirming the absence of grounds for granting the child citizenship of this state by birth. If the child was born in the territory of a foreign state, of which his parents are not citizens, also a document of the authorized body of this foreign state, confirming the absence of grounds for granting the child citizenship of this state by birth;
• a document of the authorized body of a foreign state (authoritative bodies of foreign states) of which (of which) the parents or the only parent of the child are citizens, confirming the absence of grounds for granting the child another citizenship by birth.

3. Passport of parents (parent) - citizens of the Russian Federation, which contains information about minors, certified by the signature of an official and the seal of an authorized body (clause 40 of the Regulations).

4. International passport issued to the child at the request of the parent (parents), adoptive parent (s) or guardian (paragraph 40 of the Regulations).

• diplomatic or service passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation, proving the identity of a citizen of the Russian Federation outside the Russian Federation;
• the mark of the authorized body on the translation into Russian of a document issued by the competent body of a foreign state to certify the act of registration of the birth of a child;
• an insert to a document issued by the competent authority of a foreign state to certify the act of registering the birth of a child, or to a birth certificate confirming the citizenship of the Russian Federation, issued in the prescribed manner before 06.02.2007.